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(202)-501-0406 GUIDE TO MINERALS AND MATERIALS-RELATED INFORMATION U.S. Bureau of Mines 810 Seventh Street, NW MS #5206 Washington, D.C. 20241 Telephone: (202) 501-9448 ITEM CONTACT TELEPHONE Abrasive grade bauxite------------ Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Abrasive materials---------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Actinolite------------------------ Robert Virta 501-9384 Activated alumina----------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Activated bauxite----------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Advanced Materials---------------- William McDonough 501-9576 Aglime (agricultural lime)-------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Agate (gem)----------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Alabaster------------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Albite---------------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Alithalite (Alcoa trade name for Al-Li alloys)------------------- Patricia Plunkert 501-9419 Alloying metals (See page 2) Chief, Br. of Metals 501-9432 Alloy steel----------------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Alum------------------------------ Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Alumina--------------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Alumina refractories-------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum-------------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum chloride----------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum fluoride----------------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Aluminum oxide (abrasive grain)--- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Aluminum oxide-------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum oxide, fused------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Aluminum phosphate---------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum, secondary--------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum sulfate------------------ Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum trihydrate--------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Aluminum zirconium abrasives------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Alumite--------------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Amazonite (gem)------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Amblygonite (lithium mineral)----- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Americium------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Amethyst (gem)-------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Ammonia--------------------------- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Ammonia, anhydrous---------------- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Ammonia, Aqua--------------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Ammonia, liquor (coke product)---- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Ammonium nitrate------------------ Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Ammonium phosphate---------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Ammonium sulfate------------------ Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Amosite (asbestos)---------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Analcite-------------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Anatase--------------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Andalusite------------------------ Michael Potter 501-9387 Anhydrite------------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Anhydrous ammonia----------------- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Anthophyllite--------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Antimonial lead------------------- William Woodbury 501-9444 Antimony & antimony compounds----- Thomas Llewellyn 501-9395 Apatite (phosphate/fluorine)------ William Stowasser 501-9408 Aplite---------------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Aquamarine (gem)------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Argentite (silver mineral)-------- Robert Reese 501-9413 Arsenic--------------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Arsenopyrite---------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Asbestos-------------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Asphalt--------------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Austenite (steel)----------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Autunite-------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Azurite (gem)--------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Azurite (copper ore)-------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Baddeleyite----------------------- David Templeton 501-9391 Ball Clay------------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Barite (Barium Sulfate)----------- James Searls 501-9407 Barium---------------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Basalt rock (trap rock)----------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Base metals (See page 2)---------- William Butterman 501-9425 Bastnasite------------------------ James Hedrick 501-9385 Batteries, lead acid-------------- William Woodbury 501-9444 Bauxite--------------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Beach sand------------------------ Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Bentonite------------------------- Robert Virta* 501-9384 Bertrandite----------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Beryl (source of beryllium)------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Beryl (gem)----------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Beryllium------------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Beryllium copper------------------ Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Bismuth--------------------------- Steve Jasinski 501-9412 Black sands (magnetite)----------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Boehmite-------------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Boracite (boron mineral)---------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Borate minerals (borax, boric acid) Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 "Borazon" (G.E.'s trade name for cubic boron nitride) (abrasive) Gordon Austin 501-9388 Boron----------------------------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Bort (diamond abrasive)----------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Brannerite------------------------ Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Brass, copper-based (zinc) alloys- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Breccia (as a dimension stone)---- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Brick----------------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Brines---------------------------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Bromine (also bromides and bromates) Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Bronze, copper-based alloys (tin)- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Brookite-------------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Brucite--------------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Cadmium & cadmium compounds------- Thomas Llewellyn 501-9395 Cadmium pigments------------------ Thomas Llewellyn 501-9395 Calcined alumina------------------ Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Calcined bauxite------------------ Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Calcium--------------------------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Calcium compounds----------------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Caliche (nitrate/iodate mineral)-- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Carbon (pertaining to steel)------ Gerald Houck 501-9439 Carbon black---------------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Carbonatite (limestone, dolomite)- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Carborundum (abrasive)------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Carnotite (uranium/vanadium mineral)------------------------ Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Cassiterite (tin oxide)----------- James Carlin 501-9411 Cast Iron------------------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Caustic-calcined magnesia--------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Caustic soda---------------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Celestite (strontium mineral)----- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Cell grade alumina---------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Cement---------------------------- Lawrence Davis* 501-9386 Cement grade bauxite-------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Cement copper (Copper precipitates)------------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Cerium oxide (as an abrasive)----- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Cerium---------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Cerium oxide---------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Cerussite (lead carbonate)-------- William Woodbury 501-9444 Cesium---------------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Chalcedony (gem)------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Chalcopyrite---------------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Chalk----------------------------- Valetin Tepordei 501-9392 Chemical grade bauxite------------ Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Chlorine-------------------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Chromium-------------------------- John Papp 501-9438 Chrome magnesite refractories----- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Chrome oxide (as an abrasive)----- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Chromite-------------------------- John Papp 501-9438 Chrysotile (asbestos)------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Cinders (volcanic)---------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Cinnabar-------------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Citrine (gem)--------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Clay (expanded) (tile, brick, pottery)------------------------ Robert Virta* 501-9384 Clays----------------------------- Robert Virta* 501-9384 Clinoptinolite (molecular sieve)-- Robert Virta* 501-9384 Coal------------------------------ Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Cobalt---------------------------- Kim Shedd 501-9420 Cobalt 60------------------------- Kim Shedd 501-9420 Cobalt alloys--------------------- Kim Shedd 501-9420 Coins----------------------------- (See page 2) Coke (metallurgical)-------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Colemanite (boron mineral)-------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9394 ITEM CONTACT TELEPHONE Columbite------------------------- Larry Cunningham 501-9443 Columbium (niobium)--------------- Larry Cunningham 501-9443 Concrete-------------------------- Lawrence Davis* 501-9386 Copper---------------------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Copper Alloys, powder, oxides & chemicals----------------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Copper, cement (precipitate)------ Janice Jolly 501-9414 Copper, scrap--------------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Copper sulfate-------------------- Daniel Edelstein 501-9415 Coquina (limestone shell)--------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Coral (gem)----------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Corundum (abrasive, gem)---------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Cristobalite---------------------- See Quartz Crocidolite (type of asbestos)---- Robert Virta 501-9384 Cryolite (fluorine mineral)------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Curium---------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Dawsonite (aluminum)-------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Depleted uranium------------------ Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Diamond (gem)--------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Diamond (industrial)-------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Diatomite (diatomaceous earth)-------------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Didymium-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Dolomite-------------------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Dolomite (dead burned)------------ Michael Miller 501-9409 Dore------------------------------ John Lucas 501-9417 Doverite-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Drilling mud (barite)------------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Drilling mud (bentonite)---------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Dumortierite (kyanite mineral group)-------------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Dust (steelmaking zinc, lead, cadmium)------------------------ James Jolly 501-9422 Dysprosium------------------------ James Hedrick 501-9385 Electrum-------------------------- John Lucas 501-9417 Emerald (gem)--------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Emery (abrasive)------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Enamel on iron & steel------------ Gerald Houck 501-9439 Erbium---------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Ethylene diaminedihydroidodide (EEDI)(animal feed additive)---- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Eucrypitite (lithium mineral)----- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Europium-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Euxenite-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Explosives------------------------ Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Feldspar-------------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Feldspar (gem)-------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Fergusonite----------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Ferrite (iron and steel)---------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Ferrite (iron oxide & magnets)---- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Ferroalloys----------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9418 Ferroboron------------------------ Joseph Gambogi 501-9418 Ferrochromium--------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9418 Ferrocolumbium (ferroniobium)----- Joseph Gambogi 501-9418 Ferromanganese-------------------- Thomas Jones 501-9428 Ferromolybdenum------------------- John Blossom 501-9430 Ferronickel-onium----------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Fertilizers (nitrogen)------------ Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Fertilizers (phosphates)---------- William Stowasser 501-9408 Flagstone------------------------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Flame retardants (brominated)----- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Gold------------------------------ John Lucas 501-9417 Granite--------------------------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Graphite-------------------------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Gravel---------------------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Gray iron--------- pebbles (abrasives)------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Grindstones (abrasives)----------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Grit (abrasives)------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Guano (natural phosphate fertilizer------------------ Gerald Houck 501-9439 Iron & steel (slabs)-------------- Cheryl Solomon 501-9441 Iron & steel (ignots, bars, rods, wires, blooms)------------------ Gerald Houck 501-9439 Iron and steel scrap-------------- Raymond Brown 501-9427 Jade (gem)------------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Jadeite (gem)--------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Jasper (gem)---------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Kallite (Kaiser's trade name Al-Li alloy)-------------------------- Patricia Plunkert 501-9419 Kaolin (clay)--------------------- Robert Virta* 501-9384 Kernite (boron mineral)----------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Kyanite--------------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Labradorite (gem)----------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Lapis Lazuli---------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Laterite (nickeliferous ore)------ William Kirk 501-9430 Lead & lead compounds------------- William Woodbury 501-9444 Lead and zinc pigments------------ James Jolly (zinc) 501-9422 William Woodbury (lead) 501-9444 Lepidolite (lithium mineral)------ Joyce Ober 501-9406 Leucoxene------------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Light metals (See page 2)--------- William Butterman 501-9425 Lightweight aggregate------------- Robert Virta* 501-9384 Lime------------------------------ Michael Miller 501-9409 Limestone------------------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Limonite-------------------------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Lital (Alcan trade name Al-Li alloys)------------------------- Patricia Plunkert 501-9419 Litcharge------------------------- William Woodbury 501-9444 Lithium--------------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Lithium minerals------------------ Joyce Ober 501-9406 Lithium salt---------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Lithopone (zinc)------------------ James Jolly 501-9422 Lithopone (Cd)-------------------- Thomas Llewellyn 501-9395 Livestock food-------------------- (See iodine, limestone, salt) Lutetium-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Magnesia, caustic-calcined-------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Magnesia, refractory-------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Magnesite------------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Magnesium------------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Magnesium compounds--------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Magnesium, secondary-------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Magnetite------------------------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Manganese oxide (maganese dioxide)------------------------ Thomas Jones 501-9428 Manure salts---------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Marble---------------------------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Marcasite (gemstone)-------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Marl------------------------------ Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Martensite------------------------ Gerald Houck 501-9439 Martite--------------------------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Meerschaum------------------------ Robert Virta* 501-9384 Meerschaum (sepiolite clay)------- Robert Virta* 501-9384 Mercury--------------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Metal grade bauxite--------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Metal powder (aluminum)----------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Metal powder (copper)------------- Janice Jolly 501-9414 Metal powder (iron oxide)--------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Metal powder (iron & steel)------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Metal powder (titanium)----------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Metal powder (tungsten)----------- Gerald Smith 501-9431 Mica------------------------------ Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Millstones (abrasives)------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Mineral wool---------------------- Dept. of Commerce 322-0132 Mining and quarrying trends------- Arnold Tanner 501-9590 Minor metals---------------------- (See page 26) Minor Industrial Minerals--------- (See page 26) Mischmetal------------------------ James Hedrick 501-9385 Molecular sieves (zeolite)-------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Molybdenite----------------------- John W. Blossom 501-9435 Molybdenum------------------------ John W. Blossom 501-9435 Molybdic oxide-------------------- John W. Blossom 501-9435 Monazite-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Montan Wax (lignite)-------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Montmorillonite (clay)------------ Robert Virta* 501-9384 Mother of Pearl (gem)------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Mullite (kyanite)----------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Mumetal (nickel-iron alloy)------- William Kirk 501-9430 Muriate of potash----------------- James Searls 501-9407 Muscovite (mica)------------------ Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Nahcolite (natural sodium bicarbonate)-------------------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Natron (hydrous sodium carbonate)- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Natural salines------------------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Neodymium------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Nepheline syenite----------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Nephrite jade (gem)--------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Nickel---------------------------- William Kirk 501-9430 Nickel alloys--------------------- William Kirk 501-9430 Niobium (columbium)--------------- Larry Cunningham 501-9443 Nitrate--------------------------- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Nitric acid----------------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Nitrogen-------------------------- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Nitrogen compounds---------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Nitrogen gas liquid--------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Novaculite (abrasive)------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Obsidian (as a gem)--------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Obsidian (as a stone)------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9382 Ocher----------------------------- David Templeton 501-9391 Olivine--------------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Olivine (gem peridot)------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Onyx, as a dimension stone-------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Onyx (gem)------------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Opal (gem)------------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Organics-------------------------- Michele Simmons 501-9578 Osmium---------------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Oxygen---------------------------- Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Palladium------------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Pearl (natural or cultured)------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Peat------------------------------ Raymond Cantrell 501-9411 Pegmatites (as a source of berryllium)--------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Pegmatites (as a source of lithium)------------------------ Joyce Ober 501-9406 Pellets (iron ore)---------------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Peridot (gem olivine)------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Perlite--------------------------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Perovskite------------------------ Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Pesticides (brominated)----------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9394 Petalite (lithium aluminum mineral)------------------------ Joyce Ober 501-9406 Phlogopite (mica)----------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Phosphate------------------------- William Stowasser 501-9408 Phosphate rock-------------------- William Stowasser 501-9408 Phosphoric acid------------------- William Stowasser 501-9408 Phosphorus metal------------------ William Stowasser 501-9408 Phyllite-------------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Pig iron-------------------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Pigments (iron oxide, ocher sienna, umber, vandyke brown---- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Pigments (lead and zinc)---------- James Jolly (zinc) 501-9422 William Woodbury (lead) 501-9444 Pigments (titanium)--------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Pigments (tungsten, chromium, molybdenum)--------------------- Gerald Smith 501-9431 Pitchblende----------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Plaster, plaster of paris--------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Platinum-group metal, iridium, osmium, rhodium, platinum, palladium, ruthenium------------ Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Plutonium------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Pollucite (cesium)---------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Pollucite (as a gem)-------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Polonium-------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Potash---------------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Potassium------------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Potassium iodide------------------ Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Potassium metal------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Potassium salts------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Pozzolana (volcanic material)----- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Praseodymium---------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Precious metals------------------- (See page 2) Precious stones------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Probertite (boron mineral)-------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Promethium------------------------ James Hedrick 501-9385 Proppants------------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Proustite (silver minerals)------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Pulstones------------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Pumice---------------------------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Pumicite (volcanic ash)----------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Pyrites (source of sulfur)-------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Pyrites sinter-------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Pyrophyllite---------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Quartz (sand)--------------------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Quartz (gem)---------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Quartz crystal (electronic grade)- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Quartz, fused--------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Quartzite (dimension stone)------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Quartzite (crushed stone)--------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Quicksilver (mercury)------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Radium---------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Radon----------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Rare earths (See page 26)--------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Rare earths metals (See page 26)-- James Hedrick 501-9385 Reactive metals------------------- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Realgar (arsenic monsulfide)------ Roger Lobenstein 501-9421 Refractories, alumina------------- Patricia Plunkert 501-9419 Refractories, fire clay----------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Refractories, chromium oxides----- John Papp 501-9438 Refractories, silica-------------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Refractory (dead-burned) magnesia- Deborah Kramer 501-9394 Refractory grade bauxite---------- Patricia Plunkert 501-9419 Refractory metals----------------- Scott Sibley 501-9434 Refractory zircon----------------- David Templeton 501-9391 ITEM CONTACT TELEPHONE Reyalith and Reyalite (Reynold's trade name Al-Li alloys)-------- Patricia Plunkert 501-4719 Rhenium--------------------------- John Blossom 501-9435 Rhodium--------------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Rhodonite (as a gem)-------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Rhodochrosite (as a gem)---------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Rock asphalt---------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Rock crystal (quartz) (gem)------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Roofing granules------------------ Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Rose quartz (gem)----------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Rubidum--------------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Ruby (gem)------------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Ruby silver----------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Ruthenium------------------------- Roger Loebenstein 501-9416 Rutile, natural------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Rutile, synthetic----------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Salines, natural ----------------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Salt (salines)-------------------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Salt cake------------------------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Samarium-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Samarskite------------------------ James Hedrick 501-9385 Sand and gravel (construction)---- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Sand and gravel (industrial)------ Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Sandstone (dimension stone)------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Sandstone (crushed stone)--------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Sapphire (gem)-------------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Satin spar (gypsum)--------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Scandium-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Scheelite------------------------- Gerald Smith 501-9431 Schist, as dimension stone-------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Scrap (iron and steel)------------ Raymond Brown 501-9427 Selenite (form of gypsum)--------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Selenium-------------------------- Daniel Edelstein 501-9415 Sericite (mica)------------------- Lawrence Davis 501-9386 Serpentine (as stone)------------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Serpentine------------------------ Robert Virta 501-9384 Shale (aggregate)----------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Shale (expanded)------------------ Robert Virta 501-9384 Shell (oyster & other) (construction aggregate)-------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Siderite-------------------------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Sienna (clay, iron oxides) used as pigment----------------- David Templeton 501-9391 Silica & Silica sand-------------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Silicon (metallic)---------------- Clark Neuharth 501-9426 Silicon (high purity crystalline)- Clark Neuharth 501-9426 Silicon (chemical compound)------- Clark Neuharth 501-9426 Silicon carbide (abrasive)-------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Silicon carbide (metallurgical)--- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Silicon carbide (fiber for advanced materials)------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9413 Silicon oxides-------------------- Wallace Bolen 501-9389 Sillimanite (kyanite)------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Silver---------------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Silver chloride------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Silver halide--------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Silver iodide--------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Silver nitrate-------------------- Robert Reese, Jr. 501-9413 Slag, iron & steel---------------- Cheryl Solomon 501-9441 Slate (dimension stone)----------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Smectite (green clay)------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Soapstone, ground----------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 potassium nitrate---------------- Raymond Cantrell 501-9581 Sodium silicate------------------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Sodium sulfate (salt cake)-------- Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Solder---------------------------- William Woodbury 501-9444 Sphalerite (Zn)------------------- James Jolly 501-9422 Sphene---------------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Spiegeleisen---------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9418 Spodumene (lithium mineral)------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Sponge iron----------------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Stainless steel------------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Stannite (tin)-------------------- James Carlin 501-9411 Stannous, stannic compound-------- James Carlin 501-9411 Statistical Summary--------------- Stephen Smith 501-9477 Staurolite------------------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Steatite (talc)------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Steel----------------------------- Gerald Houck 501-9439 Steel shot (abrasive)------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Stibnite-------------------------- Thomas Llewellyn 501-9395 Stone (crushed)------------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Stone (dimension)----------------- Harold Taylor 501-9754 Strontianite (strontium mineral)-- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Strontium------------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Substrate alumina----------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Sulfate of potash----------------- James Searls 501-9407 Sulfur---------------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Sulfuric acid--------------------- Joyce Ober 501-9406 Sylvanite------------------------- John Lucas 501-9417 Sylvanite (mixture of sylvite and halite)--------------------- James Searls 501-9407 Sylvite (potash mineral)---------- James Searls 501-9407 Tabular alumina------------------- Errol Sehnke 501-9421 Taconite-------------------------- Peter Kuck 501-9436 Talc------------------------------ Robert Virta 501-9384 Talcose (talc)-------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Talus (stone)--------------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Tantalum-------------------------- Larry Cunningham 501-9443 Tapiolite (tantalite)------------- Larry Cunningham 501-9443 Technetium (isotopes)------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Tellurium------------------------- Daniel Edelstein 501-9415 Terbium--------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Terrazzo (stone)------------------ Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Thallium-------------------------- Thomas Llewellyn 501-9395 Thorium--------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Thortveitite---------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Thulium--------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Tiger's eye (gem)----------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Tin------------------------------- James Carlin 501-9411 Tin plate------------------------- Gerald Houck* 501-9439 Tin, secondary-------------------- James Carlin 501-9411 Titanates------------------------- Deborah Kramer* 501-9394 Titanite-------------------------- Deborah Kramer* 501-9394 Titanium-------------------------- Deborah Kramer* 501-9394 Titanium carbide------------------ Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titanium dioxide (titania)-------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titanium pigments----------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titanium Tetrachloride------------ Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titaniferous ore------------------ Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titaniferous sand----------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titanite-------------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titanium concentrates------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titaniferous slag----------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Titanium scrap-------------------- Joseph Gambogi 501-9390 Topaz (gem stone)----------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Torbanite------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Torbernite------------------------ Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Tourmaline (gem stone)------------ Gordon Austin 501-9388 Trap rock (basalt rock)----------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Tremolite------------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Triple Superphosphate------------- William Stowasser 501-9408 Tripoli (abrasive)---------------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Trona (soda ash)------------------ Dennis Kostick 501-9410 Tuff (stone)---------------------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Tungsten-------------------------- Gerald Smith 501-9431 Turquoise (gem stone)------------- Gordon Austin 501-9338 Tyuyamunite----------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Ulexite (boron mineral)----------- Phyllis Lyday 501-9405 Umber----------------------------- David Templeton 501-9391 Uranium (statistics)-------------- Henry Hilliard 501-9429 Uranium--------------------------- Dept. of Energy 586-8800 Urea------------------------------ Dept. of Commerce 377-0128 Utahlite or variscite (gem)------- Gordon Austin 501-9388 Vanadium-------------------------- Henry Hilliard 501-9429 Vandyke brown (pigment)----------- David Templeton 501-9391 Vermiculite----------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Volcanic cinder (Scoria)---------- Valentin Tepordei 501-9392 Whiting (chalk)------------------- Michael Miller 501-9409 Witherite (Barium)---------------- James Searls 501-9407 Wolframite------------------------ Gerald Smith 501-9431 Wollastonite---------------------- Michael Potter 501-9387 Xenotime-------------------------- James Hedrick 501-9385 Ytterbium------------------------- James Hederick 501-9385 Zeolite--------------------------- Robert Virta 501-9384 Zinc------------------------------ James Jolly 501-9422 Zinc oxide------------------------ James Jolly 501-9422 Zinc salts------------------------ James Jolly 501-9422 Zinc & lead pigments-------------- James Jolly 501-9422 Zircon---------------------------- David Templeton 501-9391 Zirconium------------------------- David Templeton 501-9391 Zirconium chemicals--------------- David Templeton 501-9391 * Acting specialist ALLOYING METALS: 1. Chromium 6. Molybdenum 11. Ferroalloys 2. Manganese 7. Tungsten 12. Iron Ore 3. Nickel 8. Columbium 13. Iron oxide pigments 4. Silicon 9. Tantalum 14. Iron and steel 5. Vanadium 10. Cobalt (scrap & slag) BASE METALS LIGHT METALS HELIUM MINOR METALS 1. Copper 1. Aluminum Darrell Leachman 1. Arsenic 2. Lead 2. Beryllium (806) 376-1604 2. Cesium 3. Tin 3. Magnesium Bureau of Mines 3. Germanium 4. Zinc 4. Titanium 4. Indium 5. Rhenium 6. Rubidium 7. Scandium 8. Selenium 9. Tellurium 10. Thallium MINOR INDUSTRIAL MINERALS PRECIOUS METALS AND COINS 1. Greensand 1. Gold 2. Meerschaum 2. Platinum-Group Metals 3. Staurolite 3. Silver 4. Wollastonite 5. Quartz Crystal 6. Strontium 7. Zeolites RARE EARTH METALS RARE EARTH MINERALS 1. Cerium 9. Neodymium 1. Bastnasite 2. Dysprosium 10. Praseodymium 2. Doverite 3. Erbium 11. Promethium 3. Euxenite 4. Europium 12. Samarium 4. Fergusonite 5. Gadolinium 13. Terbium 5. Gadolinite 6. Holmium 14. Thulium 6. Monazite 7. Lanthanum 15. Ytterbium 7. Samarskite 8. Lutetium 8. Xenotime Prepared by: Division of Mineral Commodities